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Monga wopanga nkhungu kunja ku China, Poyerekeza ndi nkhungu zoweta, kutumiza mitengo ya nkhungu ndipamwamba kwambiri pazaka zapitazi, kusiyanaku kumachitika chifukwa cha diffriend standard.American Society of Plastic Industry (SPIAN-102-78) imagawa nkhungu m'magulu asanu.Mitundu isanu ya nkhungu iyi ili ndi zofunikira zosiyanasiyana, ndipo mulingo wamagulu umagwira ntchito kuti ufanane ndi makina ojambulira omwe amalimbitsa mphamvu yochepera matani 400.

Nthawi zozungulira moyo mpaka nthawi 1 miliyoni, zapadera pakupanga kwakukulu kwazinthuzo.Kusankha bwino nkhungu zitsulo kupanga, lolingana nkhungu kalasi imeneyi amafuna mtengo wapamwamba.Zofunikira zikuwonetsedwa motere:

(1) Kufunika kukhala ndi chidziwitso chatsatanetsatane cha kapangidwe ka nkhungu.
(2) Zofunika kuuma m'munsi mwa nkhungu osachepera BHN280 (HRC30).
(3) Pamwamba pa nkhungu (kuphatikiza ziboliboli ndi ma core molds) osachepera mu BHN450 (48HRC) kuuma kwamtundu, zida zina zonse monga slider, lifters, lifters molunjika, ndi zina zotere ziyenera kukhala zolimba.
(4) Dongosolo la ejection lidzakhala ndi dongosolo lotsogolera.
(5) Cholowera chakumbali chiyenera kukhala ndi mbale yovala.
(6) Cavity nkhungu, pachimake nkhungu, slider ndi mbali zina mu nkhungu ayenera kuikidwa ndi kutentha-kuzindikira.
(7) About nkhungu moyo, mankhwala khalidwe adzakhala utachepa kapena akamaumba mkombero nthawi yaitali chifukwa cha kuzirala madzi chitoliro anali dzimbiri tsiku ndi tsiku, kotero amaika kapena nkhungu mbale analangizidwa kuchita odana ndi dzimbiri mankhwala.
(8) Mitundu yonseyi ya giredi izikhala ndi njira yolumikizira nkhungu pamzere wolekanitsa.

GRADE 2

Nthawi zozungulira moyo mpaka 500,000 mpaka 1, 000,000 nthawi.Kuti apange zinthu zazikuluzikulu, zitsulo zabwinoko zidzagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga, mtengo wamtengo wapatali.Zofunikira ndi izi:

(1) ayenera kukhala ndi chidziwitso chatsatanetsatane cha kapangidwe ka nkhungu.
(2) Zofunika kuuma m'munsi mwa nkhungu osachepera BHN280 (HRC30).
(3) Pang'onopang'ono ndi kuuma kwapakati pamtunda kudzakhala mumtundu wa BHN540 (HRC 48), zida zina zonse zogwirira ntchito ziyenera kutenthedwa.
(4) Ikani kutentha-kuzindikira pa nkhungu patsekeke, pachimake nkhungu, slider ndi malo ena zotheka.
(5) Zoumba zonse zamtunduwu zidzayikidwa ndi njira yolumikizira nkhungu pakati pa mzere wogawanika.
(6) Zinthu zomwe zili pansipa zimafunikira kapena ayi, kutengera kuchuluka kwa kupanga komaliza.Ndikulangizidwa kuti zinthu izi zimapanganso mawu otsimikizika.
Ejector guiding system, Slider wear plate, anti-rosion Collling multifold, Electroplating on the cavity mold(anti-corrosion).

GRADE 3

Nthawi zozungulira mpaka 500,000 nthawi.Amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati kuchuluka kwapakati pakupanga zinthu, mtengo wake ndi wololera.Zofunikira ndi izi:

(1) ayenera kukhala ndi chidziwitso chatsatanetsatane cha kapangidwe ka nkhungu.
(2) Zofunika kuuma m'munsi mwa nkhungu osachepera BHN165 (HRC17).
(3) ziboliboli ndi zoumba zapakati ziyenera kukhala ndi kulimba kwa BHN280 (HRC30) kapena kupitilira apo.
(4) Chalk zina zonse ndi ufulu kusankha ndi ogulitsa.

GRADE 4

Nthawi zozungulira moyo mpaka nthawi 100,000.Pakuti otsika mphamvu kupanga mankhwala, nkhungu zinthu kuvala kukana si mkulu, mtengo ndi wotsika kuposa mlingo wabwinobwino.Zofunikira ndi izi:

(1) Limbikitsani kupereka chidziwitso cha kapangidwe ka nkhungu.
(2) Mtsinje wa nkhungu ukhoza kukhala chitsulo chochepa kapena zitsulo zotayidwa.
(3) Mphuno yamkati ikhoza kukhala zitsulo zotayidwa, zitsulo zofewa kapena zinthu zina zomwe zingathe kudziwika.
(4) Zida zonse ndi zaufulu kusankhidwa ndi ogulitsa.

GRADE 5

Kuzungulira nthawi zosaposa 500.Amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga chiwerengero chochepa cha chitsanzo choyambirira, mtengo wake ndi wotsika mtengo kwambiri.Zofunikira ndi izi:

Mapangidwe a nkhungu atha kukhala zinthu zakufa, utomoni wa epoxy, kapena zinthu zina zomwe zimapereka mphamvu zokwanira kupanga zigawo zotsika kwambiri.